Acetonitrile, also known as AN or Methyl cyanide, is a solvent integral to the chemical industry with CAS number **75-05-8**. It has a molecular formula of C2H3N, and a molar mass of **41.05 g/mol**. This colorless liquid has a density of **0.7857 g/cm³**, a melting point of **-46°C**, and a boiling point of **81-82°C**. Notable for its miscibility with water and organic solvents, Acetonitrile is used in the extraction of monomers, high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), spectrophotometric determinations, and the recrystallization of steroids. It's highly flammable with a flash point of **2°C** and requires careful handling, with an oral LD50 of **3800mg/kg** in rats. Acetonitrile should be stored away from fire and heat, between **+5°C to +30°C**. Its role as a standard substance for chromatographic analysis and its solvency properties make it essential in analytical chemistry and synthesis processes.
Isobutyronitrile, also known as 2-Cyanopropane, is a chemical intermediate with the CAS number 78-82-0. It has a molecular formula of C4H7N, and a molar mass of 69.11 g/mol. This colorless liquid has a density of 0.770 g/mL at 20°C, a melting point of -72°C, and a boiling range of 107-108°C. It's insoluble in water but soluble in ethanol and ether, making it useful in various chemical reactions. Isobutyronitrile is utilized in the synthesis of the insecticide diazinon, as a raw material for isobutyamidine, in the production of acrylic resins, and for synthesizing 2-Isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxy Pyrimidine. It is toxic, with an oral LD50 of 102 mg/kg in rats, and requires careful handling and storage. Its role in agriculture and industrial chemistry is significant, but safety protocols must be strictly followed due to its high toxicity.
Malononitrile, also known as MDN with CAS number **109-77-3**, is a versatile nitrile essential in pharmaceuticals and organic synthesis. It has a molecular formula of C3H2N2, and a molar mass of **66.06 g/mol**. Appearing as a white to yellow-brown crystalline substance, it has a melting point of **30-32°C** and a boiling point of **220°C**. Malononitrile is crucial for synthesizing the diuretic drug triamterene, sulfonylurea herbicides like bensulfuron-methyl, and pyrimidine derivatives. It's also key in producing vitamin B1 and methotrexate. Due to its toxicity and potential to cause central nervous system poisoning, it must be handled with care, stored properly at **2-8°C**, and kept away from incompatible substances. Its significant role in creating life-enhancing drugs and herbicides makes it a valuable chemical in medicine and agriculture.
8-Hydroxyquinoline sulfate, also known as Oxine sulfate, is a versatile compound with the CAS number **134-31-6**. It has a molecular formula of 2C9H7NO.H2O4S and a molar mass of **388.4 g/mol**. This yellow-crystalline substance is valued for its metal chelating abilities and serves as a fungicide, sterilizer, and preservative. With a melting point of **175°C** and a boiling point of **569.4°C**, it's used in agriculture to protect forestry products, in medicine as an antiseptic, in the chemical industry for synthesis, and as a preservative in cosmetics. Its role in chelating metals and antibacterial properties make it essential for enhancing industrial processes and ensuring product safety.
2-(4-Chlorobenzoyl)benzoic acid (CBB), with CAS number **85-56-3**, is a key intermediate in pharmaceutical and dye synthesis. It has a molecular formula of C14H9ClO3, and a molar mass of **260.67 g/mol**. CBB crystallizes with a melting point of **149-150°C** and a predicted boiling point of **470.8°C**. Appearing as white to off-white crystals, it should be stored in a sealed container at room temperature and handled with care due to its irritant nature. CBB is instrumental in synthesizing chlorthalidone, a hypertension medication, and serves as a precursor for 2-chloroanthraquinone, used in anthraquinone dyes. Its role in creating complex molecules is vital for advancements in medicinal and dye chemistry, with safety protocols essential for its effective use in industrial processes.
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