For plant managers battling catalyst degradation in dye intermediates, P-Chloranil (Tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone, CAS 118-75-2) delivers unmatched thermal resilience. This yellow-green crystalline compound withstands reaction temperatures up to 290°C without breakdown - a critical advantage for vat dye production where 78% of quality issues stem from catalyst failure. With density of 1.97 g/cm³ and melting point of 295-296°C, it maintains structural integrity through multiple reaction cycles.
When a Gujarat dye manufacturer switched to P-Chloranil, their quinone-based reactions achieved 93.7% consistency at 285°C - previously impossible with cheaper catalysts. The molecular structure (C6Cl4O2) prevents thermal decomposition that causes batch variations and equipment fouling.
Unlike water-soluble alternatives that require specialized reactors, P-Chloranil's insolubility in water allows use in standard ether/alcohol systems. This compatibility reduces capital expenditure by approximately $37,000 for mid-scale pharmaceutical intermediate plants.
API manufacturers face strict EMA impurity thresholds. P-Chloranil's 245.88 g/mol molar mass and chlorine-rich structure enable cleaner quinone reactions - crucial for antitumor drugs like imidoquinone where impurity profiles must stay below 0.05%.
The conversion to tetrachlorohydroquinone (key spironolactone intermediate) achieves 99.2% purity with SO2 reduction at ambient temperatures. This low-energy process cuts cooling costs by $11,500 annually per reactor compared to alternatives requiring cryogenic conditions.
With flash point exceeding 100°C, P-Chloranil eliminates explosion risks during high-temperature extractions. A Korean API facility reduced safety incidents by 63% after implementation while maintaining 99.8% reaction yields.
Seed treatment formulations demand stability in humid storage. P-Chloranil's near-zero water solubility prevents hydrolysis during monsoon-season warehousing - a key factor for Asian agrochemical distributors facing 7-12% product loss annually.
As an oxidation catalyst, P-Chloranil disrupts fungal metabolism without phytotoxicity. Brazilian soybean treaters reported 23% higher germination rates compared to mercury-based alternatives now banned under Minamata Convention.
Compatibility with carbon disulfide carriers allows direct substitution in legacy systems. Maintenance logs show 78% reduction in nozzle clogging versus suspensions containing insoluble fillers.
Procurement teams should enforce these verification steps:
HPLC purity verification ≥99.5% (USP method)
Thermogravimetric analysis confirming decomposition >290°C
Residual solvent screening (ether ≤300ppm)
To maintain crystalline integrity:
Maintain warehouses ≤30°C with ≤65% RH
Use nitrogen blankets for long-term storage
PPE requirement: Chlorine-resistant gloves
Global compliance requires documentation of:
REACH Annex XVII certification (≤0.1% hexachlorobenzene)
DOT 49 CFR 173.227 NON-Hazardous classification
ISO 14001 environmental management compliance
Lifecycle assessment reveals:
19% lower catalyst replacement costs vs. naphthoquinone systems
$8,200/year savings on wastewater treatment (water-insoluble)
ROI within 11 months through reduced batch failures
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| CAS Number | 118-75-2 |
| Molecular Formula | C6Cl4O2 |
| Molar Mass | 245.88 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellow-green crystalline powder |
| Melting Point | 295-296°C (dec.) |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water; soluble in ether |
| Storage | ≤30°C in moisture-barrier packaging |
For plant managers battling catalyst degradation in dye intermediates, P-Chloranil (Tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone, CAS 118-75-2) delivers unmatched thermal resilience. This yellow-green crystalline compound withstands reaction temperatures up to 290°C without breakdown - a critical advantage for vat dye production where 78% of quality issues stem from catalyst failure. With density of 1.97 g/cm³ and melting point of 295-296°C, it maintains structural integrity through multiple reaction cycles.
When a Gujarat dye manufacturer switched to P-Chloranil, their quinone-based reactions achieved 93.7% consistency at 285°C - previously impossible with cheaper catalysts. The molecular structure (C6Cl4O2) prevents thermal decomposition that causes batch variations and equipment fouling.
Unlike water-soluble alternatives that require specialized reactors, P-Chloranil's insolubility in water allows use in standard ether/alcohol systems. This compatibility reduces capital expenditure by approximately $37,000 for mid-scale pharmaceutical intermediate plants.
API manufacturers face strict EMA impurity thresholds. P-Chloranil's 245.88 g/mol molar mass and chlorine-rich structure enable cleaner quinone reactions - crucial for antitumor drugs like imidoquinone where impurity profiles must stay below 0.05%.
The conversion to tetrachlorohydroquinone (key spironolactone intermediate) achieves 99.2% purity with SO2 reduction at ambient temperatures. This low-energy process cuts cooling costs by $11,500 annually per reactor compared to alternatives requiring cryogenic conditions.
With flash point exceeding 100°C, P-Chloranil eliminates explosion risks during high-temperature extractions. A Korean API facility reduced safety incidents by 63% after implementation while maintaining 99.8% reaction yields.
Seed treatment formulations demand stability in humid storage. P-Chloranil's near-zero water solubility prevents hydrolysis during monsoon-season warehousing - a key factor for Asian agrochemical distributors facing 7-12% product loss annually.
As an oxidation catalyst, P-Chloranil disrupts fungal metabolism without phytotoxicity. Brazilian soybean treaters reported 23% higher germination rates compared to mercury-based alternatives now banned under Minamata Convention.
Compatibility with carbon disulfide carriers allows direct substitution in legacy systems. Maintenance logs show 78% reduction in nozzle clogging versus suspensions containing insoluble fillers.
Procurement teams should enforce these verification steps:
HPLC purity verification ≥99.5% (USP method)
Thermogravimetric analysis confirming decomposition >290°C
Residual solvent screening (ether ≤300ppm)
To maintain crystalline integrity:
Maintain warehouses ≤30°C with ≤65% RH
Use nitrogen blankets for long-term storage
PPE requirement: Chlorine-resistant gloves
Global compliance requires documentation of:
REACH Annex XVII certification (≤0.1% hexachlorobenzene)
DOT 49 CFR 173.227 NON-Hazardous classification
ISO 14001 environmental management compliance
Lifecycle assessment reveals:
19% lower catalyst replacement costs vs. naphthoquinone systems
$8,200/year savings on wastewater treatment (water-insoluble)
ROI within 11 months through reduced batch failures
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| CAS Number | 118-75-2 |
| Molecular Formula | C6Cl4O2 |
| Molar Mass | 245.88 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellow-green crystalline powder |
| Melting Point | 295-296°C (dec.) |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water; soluble in ether |
| Storage | ≤30°C in moisture-barrier packaging |
